Interannual dynamics refers to patterns or changes in a phenomenon that occur over the course of a year or multiple years. This research area focuses on understanding the variability and trends in a specific system or process over time, typically on an annual basis. Interannual dynamics can be observed in various fields such as climate, ecology, economics, and social sciences, among others. Researchers in this area often analyze time series data to identify patterns, trends, and drivers of interannual variability, which can help in predicting future changes and in developing effective management strategies. Overall, interannual dynamics research aims to provide insights into the complex interactions and dynamics of various systems over time.